Clefs
	Italian terms
	Ornaments
Chords
Cadences
	Keys
	Scales
Intervals

 Theory Lessons

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covering:

Abinger,
Ashtead
Box Hill
Bookham
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Capel
Clandon
Coldharbour
Dorking
East Horsely
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Theory Ornaments

The following illustrates the main musical ornaments and gives examples of how they might be played.

The exact interpretation of a given ornament (how it is played) is usually left to the discretion of the performer.  The amount of embellishment is also very much at the discretion of the performer and often players with add ornaments (particularly to baroque music) even if it is not marked, provided it fits with the style of the piece.

Pupils are expected to be able to recognise the ornaments and name them for grade 4 and grade 5 ABRSM.

Trill (also called a shake)

Mordent (also called the upper mordent, inverted mordent, or pralltriller)

Lower Mordent (also called mordent)
Note the line through the symbol 

Turn (also called grouppetto)

Inverted Turn

Appoggiatura (also called a grace note)

Double Appoggiatura

Acciaccatura (also called a short appoggiatura or a grace note)

Portamento (played as a smooth slide between two notes)

Glissando (played as a smooth or stepped slide between two notes)

The links below provide terms, including Italian French and German, all needed to pass grade 5 theory.

Theory Pages
Main theory page
Grade 1 Italian terms
Grade 2 Italian terms
Grade 3 Italian terms
Grade 4 Italian and French terms
Grade 5 Italian and German terms
Performance directions for piano, strings and brass for pedals, bowing & mutes
Degrees of the scale tonic, supertonic, mediant, subdominant, dominant, submediant, leading note
Orchestral Instruments brass, woodwind, strings, voices, clefs, transposition
ASBRM exam notes pass marks, exam durations, exam rules

Philip Bishop - theory lessons: 01372 454962 / 07950 235329

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